World Journal of Current Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
type: channel
description: World Journal of Current Medical and Pharmaceutical Research (WJCMPR) is a double-blind Referred peer-reviewed tri-annual (from 2024 onwards), open-access international journal dedicated to the promotion of research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences. WJCMPR publishes Research articles, Review articles, Case studies, and Short communication from broad areas like Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
publisher: World Journal of Current Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
language: en
publication name: World Journal of Current Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
issn: 2582-0222
copyright: Copyright © Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
items: A review on nanomaterials for cartilage repair: innovations in scaffold design and drug delivery
items: Vithuvagai chooranam and its role in siddha management of male infertility: a comprehensive review.
items: Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Athimathuram Chooranam: An In Vitro Study
items: A study on the effectiveness of various treatment approaches for bronchiolitis
items: Quality control parameters and safety profile of siddha herbal formulation: pirandai vadagam.
items: Socio-demographic correlates of perception and awareness of out-of-pocket health expenditures among household heads in gwagwalada area council, abuja, nigeria
items: Role of probiotics in human health and its applications
items: Physicochemical, Phytochemical and Gcms Analysis of Siddha Medicine Peenisa Chooranam in the Treatment of azhal Thalainokkadu
items: A Review on: Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS)
items: Evaluation of Antimicrobial activity and Microbial load of the Polyherbal Siddha formulation Sangkaaravairavan
items: Evaluation of physicochemical parameters and heavy metal content of the siddha formulation vengara chunnam
items: ECO-Logic Reactions: Shaping the Future of Sustainable Molecular Science
items: Identification, assessment and reporting of suspected Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) to Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and Anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) in a community care centre at Warangal
items: Review on Blepharospasam
items: A Review on Herbal Drug Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus
items: A REVIEW ON CHEMOTHERAPY INDUCED COMPLICATIONS IN CANCER PATIENTS
items: An Overview of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
items: AN OVERVIEW ON EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES OF BIOACTIVE PHYTOCEUTICALS- PLAI PLANT
items: A Review on Pharmacological Activities of Alkaloids
items: CASE REPORT ON SEIZURE WITH CO ADMINISTRATION OF LEVOFLOXACIN AND THEOPHYLINE
items: Review on Drug Utilization Pattern in Outpatient General Department
items: PLANTS AND PHYTOCONSTITUENTS HAVING SUNSCREEN ACTIVITY
items: Knowledge, Attitudes and Reported Practices of Dental Students in Omer-Almokhtar University Regarding Tobacco Effects on Oral Cavity Health
items: A Compartive Study of Dengue Verses Malaria in Tertiary Care Hospital versus Government Hospital
items: A Comprehensive Study on Nerivio Migra
items: A Study on Drug Utilization Pattern in Outpatient General Department
items: A Prospective Randomised Study on Prevalence and Awareness of Self Medication of Analgesics among Teritiary Care Hospital
items: EVALUATION OF ETHANOLIC ROOT EXTRACT OF ALLIUM CEPA. L FOR ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES IN ANIMAL MODELS
items: EVALUATION OF DIURETIC AND SEDATIVE ACTIVITY FOR ETHANOLIC LEAVES EXTRACT OF BASELLA ALBA L. VAR RUBRA
items: DRUG DISCHARGE AND GAUGING OF ANTI EPILEPTIC DRUGS

A review on nanomaterials for cartilage repair: innovations in scaffold design and drug delivery
type: item
description: Cartilage damage and osteoarthritis remain major clinical challenges due to the tissue’s poor self-healing capacity and limited regenerative potential. Conventional treatments fail to restore native function, underscoring the need for advanced therapeutic strategies. Nanomaterials have emerged as promising candidates for cartilage repair because of their ability to mimic the extracellular matrix, provide structural support, and enable targeted drug delivery. This review highlights recent innovations in nanomaterial-based scaffolds and drug delivery systems for cartilage regeneration. Nanofibers and nanoscaffolds reproduce the fibrous structure of cartilage, while nanoparticles enable controlled release of growth factors, anti-inflammatory drugs, and genetic material. Hydrogels reinforced with nanomaterials offer injectable, bioactive environments, and nanocomposites provide mechanical stability alongside bioactivity. Advances in scaffold design, including biomimetic architectures, biofunctionalization, and 3D bioprinting, are enhancing integration and functional outcomes. Preclinical studies have demonstrated encouraging results in vitro and in vivo, while early clinical trials indicate translational potential. Future perspectives include the development of personalized 3D-printed scaffolds, multifunctional smart nanomaterials, and integration with regenerative medicine approaches. Collectively, nanotechnology represents a transformative platform for durable and functional cartilage repair.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Nanomaterials
  topic: keywords
subject: Cartilage repair
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanoscaffolds
  topic: keywords
subject: Drug delivery
  topic: keywords
subject: Osteoarthritis
  topic: keywords
subject: Tissue engineering
  topic: keywords
creator: Divya Sri Madhavi Atluri
creator: Naga Vennela Bojja
creator: Laxmi Vaishnavi Chiriki
creator: Pravallika Chittela
creator: Maheswari Dasari
creator: Tanmayi Sree Kaki
creator: Suneetha Achanti
creator: Jahnavi Patibandla
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
starting page: 1
ending page: 7
doi: 10.37022/wjcmpr.v7i3.373

Vithuvagai chooranam and its role in siddha management of male infertility: a comprehensive review.
type: item
description: Infertility is a growing global health concern, with male factors contributing to approximately 20–40% of cases. In the Siddha system of medicine, male infertility is referred to as Aan Maladu and is traditionally managed through formulations aimed at enhancing reproductive vitality. One such classical polyherbal formulation is Vithuvagai Chooranam (VVC), widely used to improve semen quality, increase virility, and support male reproductive health. This review explores both classical Siddha references and modern pharmacological evidence related to the efficacy of VVC. It comprises ten ingredients, including Vigna mungo, Sesamum indicum, Mucuna pruriens, Hygrophila auriculata, Curculigo orchioides, and Asparagus racemosus. These herbs are rich in bioactive compounds known for their spermatogenic, aphrodisiac, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Scientific studies support the role of these herbs in enhancing sperm count, motility, testosterone levels, and overall reproductive function. The formulation aligns with Siddha concepts of Udal thathukkal balance and Vali-Azhal-Iyyam regulation. Given its broad pharmacological profile and traditional utility, VVC represents a promising and safe natural alternative for managing male infertility. However, further experimental and clinical validation is essential to substantiate its therapeutic claims and integrate it into evidence-based reproductive healthcare.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Vithuvagai Chooranam
  topic: keywords
subject: Siddha Medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Aan Maladu
  topic: keywords
subject: Polyherbal Formulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Traditional Medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Reproductive Health
  topic: keywords
creator: Vignesh S
creator: Monika M
creator: Menaka R
creator: Chitra U
creator: Sudhamathi Pushparaj K
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-08-31
publication date: 2025-08-31
starting page: 54
ending page: 59
doi: 10.37022/wjcmpr.v7i2.369

Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Athimathuram Chooranam: An In Vitro Study
type: item
description: Background: Infectious diseases remain a significant global health burden by rising threat to antibiotic resistance. According to Siddha literature, Athimathura Chooranam is a traditional herbal remedy that is used to relieve nausea, vomiting,head ache, Pitham and body itching. Aim/Objective The aim of the study is to investigate the Anti-microbial activity of Athimathura Chooranam against various micro-organisms and to determine its potential as a natural antimicrobial agent against various pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC29213), Bacillus cereus(Clinical Cochin University), Klebsiella pneumonia(ATCC-700603),Escherichia coli(ATCC 25922)and Candida albicans (Clinical Cochin University).Methods Athimathura Chooranam was tested by agar-well diffusion method.The medium was prepared by using Mueller Hinton Agar and Sabouraud dextrose media which was subsequently autoclaved. Results The Anti-microbial activity of Athimathuram Chooranam was assessed against five microbial cultures: two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus), two gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae), and one fungal Strain (Candida albicans). The Chooranam was tested at concentrations of 25mg/mL and 50mg/mL.It showed significant zone of inhibitions of 18 mm for Staphylococcus aureus,16mm for Bacillus cereus,24 mm for Klebsiella pneumoniae,25 mm for Escherichaicoli, and 23 mm for Candida albicans. This indicates that Athimathuram Chooranam exhibits antimicrobial properties against a broad Spectrum of microbial organisms.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Athimathura Chooranam
  topic: keywords
subject: Anti-microbial activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Agar-well diffusion method
  topic: keywords
subject: Zone of inhibition
  topic: keywords
creator: Rakshana N
creator: Umakanth C
creator: Chitra U
creator: Menaka R
creator: Sudhamathi Pushparaj K
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-08-31
publication date: 2025-08-31
starting page: 50
ending page: 53
doi: 10.37022/wjcmpr.v7i2.368

A study on the effectiveness of various treatment approaches for bronchiolitis
type: item
description: Bronchiolitis is a major cause of hospitalisation in infants, and its management varies widely across clinical settings. This observational study, conducted at SVS Medical College & Hospital over six months with 80 patients, assessed treatment patterns and outcomes. Bronchiolitis was most common in infants aged 5–8 months, with a higher incidence in males and rural populations, and mild disease was predominant. Treatment showed significant variation: intravenous fluids, especially dextrose normal saline with potassium supplementation, were frequently used to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance; parenteral antibiotics such as Augmentin were selectively administered when bacterial infection was suspected; and oral therapies including paracetamol, ambroxol, and vitamin D3 drops provided symptomatic relief. Saline nasal drops were universally prescribed, highlighting their essential role in airway clearance, while nebulised budesonide and salbutamol were used occasionally depending on severity. Heated Humidified High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HHHFNC) therapy was identified as the main supportive intervention, enhancing oxygenation and reducing respiratory distress. Overall, the combination of parenteral fluids, oral medications, nasal saline drops, and supportive care led to shorter hospital stays and quicker recovery, whereas reliance solely on supportive care and saline drops without targeted therapies was associated with extended hospitalisation. These findings emphasise the importance of integrated, evidence-based management strategies in bronchiolitis.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Bronchiolitis
  topic: keywords
subject: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
  topic: keywords
subject: Intravenous fluids
  topic: keywords
subject: Heated Humidified High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HHHFNC)
  topic: keywords
subject: Supportive care
  topic: keywords
subject: Corticosteroids
  topic: keywords
subject: Bronchodilators
  topic: keywords
creator: Charitha Rangam
creator: Vydehi Ettae
creator: Sultana Maviya
creator: Madiha Manzoor Raheen
creator: Sumaiya Sultana
creator: Khatoon Afreen
creator: Nousheen Nabeela
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-08-31
publication date: 2025-08-31
starting page: 44
ending page: 49
doi: 10.37022/wjcmpr.v7i2.367

Quality control parameters and safety profile of siddha herbal formulation: pirandai vadagam.
type: item
description: Introduction: Pirandai Vadagam is a traditional Siddha herbal formulation recommended for managing digestive disturbances and inflammatory disorders. It is prepared using thirteen medicinal ingredients. Establishing reliable quality control standards is crucial to ensure its safety, efficacy, and therapeutic consistency.Objective: The present study was undertaken to develop and validate quality control parameters for Pirandai Vadagam. Methods: The formulation was subjected to evaluation of organoleptic characters, physicochemical properties, heavy metal content, aflatoxin levels, and microbial load. Results: The physicochemical analysis revealed that the loss on drying at 105 °C, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, and water-soluble extractive values were 15.38%, 6.18%, 0.93%, and 119.25%, respectively. Microbial counts and aflatoxin levels were found to be within the permissible pharmacopoeial limits. Likewise, the concentrations of heavy metals were within the safe threshold values. Discussion and Conclusion: The established physicochemical parameters of Pirandai Vadagam fall within acceptable standards, indicating stability, purity, and favorable solubility that may enhance bioavailability. The absence of harmful levels of contaminants, heavy metals, and toxins supports the safety of this formulation, thereby justifying its continued use in Siddha clinical practice.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pirandai Vadagam
  topic: keywords
subject: Siddha medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Herbal formulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Quality control
  topic: keywords
subject: Physicochemical analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Safety profile
  topic: keywords
subject: Standardization
  topic: keywords
creator: Dhildhar T
creator: Menaka R
creator: Sudhamathi K
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-08-31
publication date: 2025-08-31
starting page: 40
ending page: 43
doi: 10.37022/wjcmpr.v7i2.366

Socio-demographic correlates of perception and awareness of out-of-pocket health expenditures among household heads in gwagwalada area council, abuja, nigeria
type: item
description: In Nigeria, the healthcare financing landscape is dominated by out-of-pocket (OOP) payments. Although the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) was launched in 1999 to mitigate financial hardship, its optional and limited coverage leaves many Nigerians vulnerable. This study aimed to assess the perception, awareness of OOP health expenditures and to explore their associations with socio-demographic characteristics among household heads in Gwagwalada Area Council, Abuja. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 255 household heads using a cluster sampling method. Data were collected via interviewer-assisted questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Descriptive statistics were computed, and Chi-square tests were employed to identify associations at a 5% significance level. The majority of respondents were male (86.3%), married (63.9%), and had attained tertiary education (44.3%). About 97.6% viewed OOP health spending unfavorably. Awareness was generally high (81.2%), but significantly lower among respondents from low socio-economic classes (p<0.05). Only 32.5% were enrolled in NHIS. Socio-demographic factors such as age, education, and religion significantly influenced both perception and awareness (p<0.05). High levels of perception and awareness of OOP expenditures exist among household heads particularly among low-income groups. To enhance healthcare utilization and financial protection, targeted policy efforts are needed to expand NHIS coverage and address socio-economic disparities.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Out-of-pocket expenditure
  topic: keywords
subject: healthcare financing
  topic: keywords
subject: awareness
  topic: keywords
subject: perception
  topic: keywords
subject: household heads
  topic: keywords
subject: NHIS
  topic: keywords
creator: Yalma RM
creator: Ajefu RA
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-08-26
publication date: 2025-08-26
doi: 10.37022/wjcmpr.v7i2.365

Role of probiotics in human health and its applications
type: item
description: This review is aimed to explore the health beneficial effects of probiotics which are live microorganisms that provide a positive health influence on humans when taken in sufficient quantity. Lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, and yeast are frequently used as probiotics. Microorganisms occupy a prominent position in the industrial sector due to their unique properties, such as the limited time and space required for their growth and proliferation, as well as their easy manipulation of the genetic material. Among all the microorganisms, probiotics have grabbed the attention of researchers because of their non pathogenic nature and immersive application in treating digestive ailments and vitamin deficiency, boosting immunity, and detoxifying harmful chemicals. Probiotics, like lactic acid bacteria, are non- pathogenic microbes that exert health benefits to the host when administered in adequate quantity. Currently, research is being conducted on the molecular events and applications of probiotics. Considering the functional properties, probiotics are being used in the dairy, beverage, and baking industries. Thus, the potential of probiotics can efficiently be utilized on a commercial scale in food processing industries. Hence, probiotics have become an alternative to several drugs including antibiotics. In addition, probiotic efficacy also depends on the delivery system as the delivery agents help the bacteria to survive in the harsh environment of the human gut. This review explored a portrait of the beneficial effects of probiotics on human health. Probiotics have become increasingly popular over the past two decades due to the continuously expanding scientific evidence indicating their beneficial effects on human health. Therefore, they have been applied in the food industry to produce functional food, which plays a significant role in human health and reduces disease risk.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Probiotics
  topic: keywords
subject: gut microbiota
  topic: keywords
subject: metabolism
  topic: keywords
subject: anti-biotics
  topic: keywords
subject: health benefits
  topic: keywords
creator: Nousheen MD
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-08-15
publication date: 2025-08-15
starting page: 27
ending page: 31
doi: 10.37022/wjcmpr.v7i2.364

Physicochemical, Phytochemical and Gcms Analysis of Siddha Medicine Peenisa Chooranam in the Treatment of azhal Thalainokkadu
type: item
description: Azhal Thalainokkadu is a disease that can be correlated with the signs and symptoms of rhinitis, headache, pain in the ears and pain over the sinuses. Peenisa Chooranam (PC) is indicated in the dosage of Verukadi alavu (1.5 grams) for 28 days with the anubhanam lukewarm water for the conditions Peenisangal, Nasi naatram and Nasi raththam. To ensure the quality and efficacy, standardisation of the medicines is essential. In such a way that the present study attempts to provide insight into the preliminary analyses. Place of study: The studies Physico-Chemical analysis, Phytochemical analysis and GCMS analysis of PC were performed at Analytical chemistry lab, Research and Developmental Wing for ISM, AAGHIM campus, Arumbakkam, Chennai - 106. Methodology: The study medicine Peenisa Chooranam (PC) was prepared as per the literature, study as performed as per PLIM guidelines and results were analysed. Result: Brown-coloured dried powder shows the correct ingredients as per the literature. Physicochemical analysis shows 06.50% of the total ash value, 03.90% moisture content, and 5.47 pH. Phytochemical analysis shows the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, lignin and other constituents. GCMS analysis shows the presence of piperine with the highest peak area percentage, followed by other compounds. Conclusion: From this study it is concluded that the study is evidence of quality of formulation and preparation with its active constituents. It can be used to evaluate the authenticity of Peenisa Chooranam to further quality content research with recent analytical tools.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Peenisa chooranam
  topic: keywords
subject: Azhal Thalainokkadu
  topic: keywords
subject: Sinusitis
  topic: keywords
subject: Siddha
  topic: keywords
creator: Sujatha R
creator: Sudhamathi Pushparaj K
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-08-08
publication date: 2025-08-08
starting page: 16
ending page: 20
doi: 10.37022/wjcmpr.v7i2.363

A Review on: Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS)
type: item
description: Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) is a rare mitochondrial disorder characterized by progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), pigmentary retinopathy, and cardiac conduction defects, typically presenting before the age of 20. It results from large-scale deletions or mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), leading to impaired oxidative phosphorylation and decreased ATP production, especially in high-energy-demand tissues such as the eyes, heart, brain, and muscles. KSS follows a non-Mendelian, usually sporadic pattern of inheritance due to the unique properties of mtDNA. Patients often experience ptosis, muscle weakness, hearing loss, cerebellar ataxia, short stature, endocrine dysfunctions, and cognitive decline. Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation, supported by genetic testing, muscle biopsy, and imaging studies. Although there is no cure, treatment is supportive, including pacemaker implantation for cardiac issues, ptosis surgery, hormone replacement, and supplements like coenzyme Q10 and carnitine. KSS can overlap with other mitochondrial syndromes, including Pearson syndrome and progressive external ophthalmoplegia as isolated presentations. Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management are critical for improving quality of life and minimizing complications.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS)
  topic: keywords
subject: Mitochondrial disorder
  topic: keywords
subject: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions
  topic: keywords
subject: Progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO)
  topic: keywords
subject: Pigmentary retinopathy
  topic: keywords
creator: Vimalavathi Thentu
creator: Ramu Kowlu
creator: Eswara Rao Nalla
creator: Madhu Chandaka
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-08-08
publication date: 2025-08-08
starting page: 12
ending page: 15
doi: 10.37022/wjcmpr.v7i2.362

Evaluation of Antimicrobial activity and Microbial load of the Polyherbal Siddha formulation Sangkaaravairavan
type: item
description: Introduction: Sangkaara Vairavan (SV) is a polyherbal Siddha formulation composed of nine ingredients. Herbal medicines are often susceptible to microbial contamination, which can compromise their therapeutic benefits or even pose toxic effects. Aim: To scientifically assess the efficacy of Sangkaara Vairavan (SV) by evaluating its microbial contamination and antimicrobial properties. Study design Place of study: The microbial load and anti-microbial activity were examined at the Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine in Chennai, which is accredited by NABH and NABL. Methodology: Sangkaara Vairavan was prepared traditionally according to the Standard Operating Procedure and formed into 130mg pills using ginger juice concentrate. Microbial load assessment was conducted using pour plate method following WHO standards with serial dilutions on selective media. Specific pathogenic bacteria were identified using biochemical tests. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using agar well diffusion method against five clinical isolates. Hydroalcoholic extracts (50-150 mg/ml) were tested with standard antibiotic controls, measuring inhibition zones. Results: No contamination detected: Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli, Salmonella spp., S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa were absent. Total bacterial and fungal counts remained within permissible limits. SV demonstrated notable antimicrobial activity across all tested strains, producing clear inhibitory zones that compared favourably to those of Ampicillin, Norfloxacin, and Amphotericin. Conclusion:SV is both microbiologically safe (free from major pathogens and within limits for overall microbial load) and exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy. These findings support its therapeutic potential and warrant deeper pharmacological investigation.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Antimicrobial activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Microbial load
  topic: keywords
subject: Siddha Medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Sangkaara Vairavan
  topic: keywords
creator: Sasirekha R
creator: Sanjana G
creator: Chitra U
creator: Menaka R
creator: Sudhamathi Pushparaj K
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sasirekha. R, Sanjana.G, Chitra.U, Menaka.R, Sudhamathi Pushparaj.K https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
starting page: 24
ending page: 27
doi: 10.37022/wjcmpr.v7i2.361

Evaluation of physicochemical parameters and heavy metal content of the siddha formulation vengara chunnam
type: item
description: Background: Vengara Chunnam is a herbo-mineral Siddha formulation which is commonly used in the management of Urinary disorders such as Anuria, Urolithiasis, Scanty Micturition, Stricture urethra, and albuminuria. So, it is essential to evaluate the safety and purity of the formulation before it is therapeutically used. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the physicochemical parameters and Heavy metal Analysis of the formulation Vengara Chunnam (VC). Methodology: The physicochemical parameters, like Acid-insoluble ash, Total ash, Moisture content, & pH of Vengara Chunnam were analysed. Heavy metals were analysed by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) Method. The results were observed and tabulated. The results were tabulated as per PLIM guidelines for standardization of Indian Medicine. Result: The result of sample Vengara Chunnam shows white-colour, fine powdered Chunnam with a very mild odour. The physicochemical parameters of VC show that the total ash value is 87.53%, acid insoluble ash is 8.88%, the moisture content is 0.30% and pH Value is 5.7. Heavy metal analysis of Vengara Chunnam reveals existence of metals like Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic, and Mercury were found in minimal amounts as per WHO guidelines. Conclusion: The study findings show that the sample VC has all properties of Chunnam as per PLIM guidelines. Thus, the study of medicine Vengara Chunnam will be beneficial in treating diseases and supports further research.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Heavy metal, Physico chemical, Siddha, Vengara Chunnam
  topic: keywords
creator: Saranya N
creator: R Menaka
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Saranya N, Menaka R https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-08-22
publication date: 2025-08-22
starting page: 21
ending page: 23
doi: 10.37022/wjcmpr.v7i2.360

ECO-Logic Reactions: Shaping the Future of Sustainable Molecular Science
type: item
description: In the era of environmental urgency, chemistry is undergoing a profound transformation—from efficiency-focused innovation to sustainability-centered solutions. This review explores the concept of eco-logic reactions, a progressive branch of molecular science that merges synthetic efficiency with ecological mindfulness. Rooted in the 12 principles of green chemistry, these reactions prioritize atom economy, non-toxic reagents, energy conservation, and minimal waste production. The manuscript highlights key eco-conscious innovations such as biocatalysis, organocatalysis, photocatalysis, and solvent-free reactions, offering practical examples that illustrate the shift from traditional practices toward cleaner and safer methodologies. Particular attention is given to solvent engineering, renewable feedstocks, and circular chemistry, emphasizing how the use of biomass, CO₂ utilization, and waste-to-chemical processes redefine sustainability in labs and industries. Moreover, the review discusses process intensification strategies like flow chemistry, mechanochemistry, and the integration of AI/ML for reaction optimization. Greenness metrics and life cycle assessments are also explored as tools to quantify and compare eco-efficiency. Applications in drug discovery, polymer science, and material innovation show how eco-logic principles are revolutionizing real-world production while aligning with global environmental goals. Additionally, regulatory support, educational integration, and collaborative frameworks are emphasized as vital drivers for mainstream adoption. This review aims to serve as a roadmap for chemists, educators, and policymakers invested in advancing a cleaner, smarter, and more sustainable future through the lens of eco-logic chemistry.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Eco-logic reactions
  topic: keywords
subject: green chemistry
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainable catalysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Renewable feedstocks
  topic: keywords
subject: Solvent engineering
  topic: keywords
subject: Life cycle assessment
  topic: keywords
creator: Aqsa Syed Arshiya
creator: Maruthi Santhosh Challa
creator: Murali Krishna Majji
creator: Kulsum Umme
creator: Suneetha A
creator: Jahnavi Patibandla
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-07-17
publication date: 2025-07-17
starting page: 7
ending page: 11
doi: 10.37022/wjcmpr.v7i2.359

Identification, assessment and reporting of suspected Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) to Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and Anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) in a community care centre at Warangal
type: item
description: Adverse effects of drugs are the main source of morbidity and mortality among the outpatients and inpatients. The objective of the study was to identify, assess and report suspected Adverse Drug Reactions in patients who are diagnosed with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV-AIDS) patients with and without tuberculosis (TB). This was a prospective observational study conducted for a period of six months to explore the significant ADRs caused by Anti-Retroviral and Anti-Tubercular drugs in patients visiting the community care center at Warangal who are diagnosed with HIV-AIDS with or without Tuberculosis as co-infection. In our study, we enrolled 144 patients and a total of 514 ADRs were identified in 125 patients. The most common ADR observed in our study was peripheral neuropathy in 61 patients, followed by vomitings, weakness, anorexia, myalgia, diarrhea, and itching. The ART regimen Stavudine+Lamivudine+Efavirenz (STV+LMV+EFV) was found to be most commonly involved in about 138 ADRs, whereas the regimen Zidovudine+Lamivudine+Nevirapine (ZDV+LMV+NVP) was found to be having the least incidence rate of ADRs. Causality assessment was made using the WHO probability scale and Naranjo’s Scale and 340 (66.14%) and 346 (67.31%) ADRs were classified into Possible respectively. The severity of ADRs were assessed using Hartwig scale and 376 (67.50%) ADRs were classified into Moderate and 138 (26.84%) into Mild ADRs. The findings of our study showed that a huge number of ADRs were experienced by the patients who are receiving ART and ATT which is a major cause for medication Non-compliance and discontinuation of the therapy. Therefore, close monitoring and reporting of ADRs are needed in these patients who are receiving ART and ATT.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Adverse Drug Reaction
  topic: keywords
subject: Anti-Retroviral Therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Anti-Tubercular Treatment
  topic: keywords
subject: Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV-AIDS) and Causality
  topic: keywords
creator: S.Arun Kumar K
creator: Kranthi Yarlagadda
creator: Feroz Wasim
rights: Copyright (c)
date: 2019-12-31
publication date: 2019-12-31
starting page: 209
ending page: 215
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2019.01064

Review on Blepharospasam
type: item
description: Blepharospasm is any abnormal contraction or twitch of the eyelid. the condition should be distinguished from the more common, and milder, Involuntaryquivering of an eyelid, known as myokymia. Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) is craniofacial dyskinesia characterized by repeated, involuntary contractions of the orbicularisoculi, procerus, and corrugator muscles. The mechanism underlying benign essential blepharospasm is not yet clearly understood but is thought to be multifactorial, with a likely genetic component and an environmental trigger. It has been suggested that BEB may be partly due to abnormalities in the basal ganglia and dopaminergic system involving a subclinical loss of striatal dopamine.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Blepharospasm
  topic: keywords
subject: Benign essential blepharospasm
  topic: keywords
subject: orbicularisoculi
  topic: keywords
subject: dystonia
  topic: keywords
subject: dry eye
  topic: keywords
subject: facial trauma
  topic: keywords
creator: Sowmya B
creator: Sharon Roja Ch
creator: Dr.Brahma Reddy
creator: Sravanthi K
rights: Copyright (c)
date: 2019-12-31
publication date: 2019-12-31
starting page: 200
ending page: 202
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2019.01062

A Review on Herbal Drug Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus
type: item
description: This review focuses on the study of herbal drugs used in Diabetes mellitus treatment. Diabetes mellitus becomes a common metabolic disorder that poses a serious threat to the world's public health. Approximately 60 percent of the world's population use traditional medicines derived from medicinal plants. Due to lower side effects and low cost, herbal formulations are favored. Synonymous with herbal medicine, phytomedicine or botanical medicine, plants are used for medicinal purposes. Herbal selection may depend on a number of factors, including the stage of diabetes progression, the types of comorbidities that patients have, availability, affordability, and herbal safety profile. A list is compiled of medicinal plants with proven antidiabetic and related beneficial effects and herbal medicines used in diabetes treatment.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Diabetes mellitus
  topic: keywords
subject: herbal drugs
  topic: keywords
subject: treatment
  topic: keywords
subject: Insulin secretion
  topic: keywords
subject: antidiabetic
  topic: keywords
creator: Girija Dandu
creator: Venkateswara Reddy Basu
creator: Chaitanya P
creator: Rajesh D
creator: Suresh babu Suresh babu
creator: Anusha Bai R
rights: Copyright (c)
date: 2019-12-31
publication date: 2019-12-31
starting page: 203
ending page: 208
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2019.01063

A REVIEW ON CHEMOTHERAPY INDUCED COMPLICATIONS IN CANCER PATIENTS
type: item
description: Even with the evolution of chemotherapeutic procedures and agents, chemotherapy may cause certain side effects that impair the patients’ quality of life. The aim of this review is to isolate and describe the side effects arising only from chemotherapy. This paper comprises an extensive review of the main side effects affecting the health status of patients undergoing chemotherapy procedures. In addition, Cancer patients experience a variety of symptoms that can be physical or psychological. These symptoms may vary in terms of occurrence, severity, and distress and can be the result of the illness or the treatment.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: complications
  topic: keywords
subject: cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: alopecia
  topic: keywords
subject: chemotherapy
  topic: keywords
creator: Vijaya Madhavi A
creator: `Rama Brahma Reddy D
creator: Sai Basha D
creator: Hussain Sk
creator: Shaheda Afreen Sk
creator: Haritha S
rights: Copyright (c)
date: 2019-12-31
publication date: 2019-12-31
starting page: 216
ending page: 222
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2019.01065

An Overview of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
type: item
description: Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic disease. It is caused by an RNA virus in wild and domestic mammals, birds and ticks. It is the family of Bunyaviridae from the Arbovirus group. The main vector and reservoir of the CCHF virus are hard-body ticks principally of the Hyalommagenus. The Hyalomma tick bite infection has the highest rate of nosocomial transmission especially due to direct human to human contact. India reported its first CCHF case in the year 2011 from Ahmadabad, Gujarat. Since then, several sporadic cases and outbreaks of CCHF have been reported the most from Gujarat and few from Rajasthan and the Uttar Pradesh States of India. Animals do not show clinical signs but may act as a source of infection for humans. The virus is transmitted from animals to humans either by direct contact with the blood or tissue of infected animals. Laboratory tests used to diagnose CCHF include reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR, immunofluorescence assay (IFA), antibody (IgG, IgM) and antigen-capture ELISA, and isolation of the virus. Ribavirin acts as an effective anti-viral agent against CCHFV by inhibiting its replication. Supportive therapy including the administration of erythrocytes, thrombocytes, and fresh frozen plasma acts as an important strategy to control CCHF at an early stage.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever
  topic: keywords
subject: Hyalommaticks
  topic: keywords
subject: Arbovirus
  topic: keywords
subject: Bunyaviridae
  topic: keywords
creator: SAIKIRAN JAKKULA
creator: Santhosh Nallagasha
creator: Rohith Kumar Kadarla
rights: Copyright (c)
date: 2019-12-31
publication date: 2019-12-31
starting page: 223
ending page: 226
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2019.01066

AN OVERVIEW ON EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES OF BIOACTIVE PHYTOCEUTICALS- PLAI PLANT
type: item
description: Medicinal plants are gaining more importance these days as it can provide better treatment alternative for many common diseases with less side effects. One such herbPlai- Zingibercassumunar of Zingiberaceae family proved to have many pharmacological actions like anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, cytotoxic etc. Various extraction methods for its rhizomes are getting more interest as it constitutes numerous photochemical constituents to elicit various actions. Any studies on medicinal plants start with their extraction methods and thus different types of extraction methods are available today. Hence this review focus on comparison of most common extraction methods for various active constituents from rhizomes of Zingiber cassumunar.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Medicinal Plants
  topic: keywords
subject: HerbPlai
  topic: keywords
subject: Zingiberaceae
  topic: keywords
subject: Extractions
  topic: keywords
subject: Zingiber montanum
  topic: keywords
creator: ``Baby Sini
creator: Jose Dimal
creator: Agnes K Mathew
creator: John Biniya
creator: Antony Varghese Antony
rights: Copyright (c)
date: 2019-12-31
publication date: 2019-12-31
starting page: 227
ending page: 229
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2019.01067

A Review on Pharmacological Activities of Alkaloids
type: item
description: Alkaloids are a category of molecules in nature around the globe with a relatively large occurrence. These are chemicals and biomolecules that are very complex. Alkaloids are compounds of a very diverse class of secondary plant metabolites; alkaloids, such as anticholinergics, antitumor, diuretic, antiviral, antihypertensive, antiulcer, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory, have been linked to the extensive list of biological activities. The basic character of alkaloids allows salts to be formed with mineral acids or organic acids, alkaloid salts are usually soluble in water and dilute alcohols, and are not soluble in organic solvents except in rare cases. This research is carried out mainly in the context and classification of alkaloids and alkaloids pharmacological practices.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Alkaloid
  topic: keywords
subject: Secondary metabolites
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacological activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Organic acids
  topic: keywords
subject: Analgesic
  topic: keywords
creator: Sireesha Badri
creator: Venkateswara Reddy Basu
creator: Khadar Basha S
creator: Chandra K
creator: Anasuya D
rights: Copyright (c)
date: 2019-12-31
publication date: 2019-12-31
starting page: 230
ending page: 234
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2019.01068

CASE REPORT ON SEIZURE WITH CO ADMINISTRATION OF LEVOFLOXACIN AND THEOPHYLINE
type: item
description: Case Summary: An 84-year-old man was admitted to the hospital due to seizure episodes. One week before the patient was admitted to the same hospital with complaints of COPD exacerbation and was discharged with a prescription of levofloxacin, theophylline ceftriaxone, pantaprazole, montelukast, methylprednisolone, budesonide nebulization, ipratropium bromide nebulization, and syrup codylex. After receiving one dose of oral levofloxacin, the patient experienced a seizure. The patient was hyperglycaemic at the time of admission and had no history of a seizure disorder. Discussion: Here the cause of seizure could be a drug-drug interaction (between theophylline and levofloxacin) with CYP1A2 substrates with no epileptogenic effects which could augment the concentration of levofloxacin and consequently results in seizures. In spite of that, it has to be kept in mind that the drug-drug interactions originate at various pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic levels and that drugs CYP affinities are rarely completely CYP-specific. Thus levofloxacin may have drug interactions at the level of CYPs other than CYP1A2. Conclusion: the clinicians are advised to closely monitor the possibility of seizures in COPD patients who+ are taking both levofloxacin and theophylline. The physicians should also be encouraged to use the techniques of TDM to individualize the dose of narrow therapeutic drugs to avoid serious adverse effects.
subject: Case Reports
  topic: section
subject: Levofloxacin
  topic: keywords
subject: Theophyline
  topic: keywords
subject: Seizure
  topic: keywords
creator: Neethu Mariyam Johny
creator: Aby Paul
creator: Swapna Saju
creator: Dona Johnson
creator: Jobin Kunjumon Vilapurathu
rights: Copyright (c)
date: 2020-01-15
publication date: 2020-01-15
starting page: 198
ending page: 199
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2019.01061

Review on Drug Utilization Pattern in Outpatient General Department
type: item
description: Drug utilization reviews DUR also referred to be as drug utilization evaluation DUE . It is defined as authorized, structured. Ongoing review of healthcare provider prescribing pharmacist dispensing and patient use of medication. Drug utilization reviews involve a detailed review of patient’s prescription and medication data before, during dispensing and after dispensing to ensure appropriate medication decisions making and positive patient outcomes. World health organization (WHO) defines drug utilization review as authorized research as the marketing, distribution, prescription and use of drug in a society, with a special emphasis on the resulting medical, social, and economic sequences. Inherent in the definition, such studies provide logical background for determining the rationality of drug use as well as providing the evidence based guidance for making the policies and making decisions at various levels of health care. This review studies are Aimed to discuss in detail on drug utilization pattern in out patient general department.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Drug utilization evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Outpatient
  topic: keywords
subject: General department
  topic: keywords
subject: defined daily dose
  topic: keywords
subject: Prospective DUR
  topic: keywords
subject: Retrospective DUR
  topic: keywords
subject: Concurrent DUR
  topic: keywords
subject: Prescribed daily dose
  topic: keywords
creator: Jaya Surya V
creator: Rama Brahma Reddy D
creator: Prasanthi G
creator: Sowmya L
creator: Naga Sai R
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 D. Rama Brahma Reddy
date: 2020-02-10
publication date: 2020-02-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2020.02018

PLANTS AND PHYTOCONSTITUENTS HAVING SUNSCREEN ACTIVITY
type: item
description: Sunscreens are those preparation which are rubbed on to the skin surface for the purpose of protection from the harmful UV radiations from the sun. Exposure to those radiations can results in harmful effects such as cancer, edema, varied pigmentation and erythema as a result of DNA damage. Majority of organic chemicals used in sunscreen formulations have not been established as safe. Natural sunscreens gained importance over synthetic ones due to their less side effects, greater protection and easy availability. A wide range of natural products derived from plants, algae and propolis have shown potential photoprotective effect. Natural compounds including flavonoids, cinnamates,polyphenols,carotenoids,anthocyanins,triterpenoid saponins have shown desired Sun Protection Factor (SPF) in addition to anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant property.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: UV radiations
  topic: keywords
subject: anti- oxidant activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Herbal
  topic: keywords
subject: SPF
  topic: keywords
creator: Prasanth B
creator: Amrutha Soman
creator: Johnson Jobin
creator: Parvathy S Narayanan
creator: Amala P John
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 Prasanth B
date: 2020-02-27
publication date: 2020-02-27
starting page: 14
ending page: 20
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2020.02019

Knowledge, Attitudes and Reported Practices of Dental Students in Omer-Almokhtar University Regarding Tobacco Effects on Oral Cavity Health
type: item
description: Background: Tobacco use is risk factor causes of preventable death in the world. Oral health professions provide multiple opportunities for interventions throughout their careers that could lessen tobacco correlated diseases. Three factors knowledge, attitudes and behaviour are thought to play a starring role in determining the extent of tobacco use between patients and help dental clinicians to implement smoking cessation policy. Present study aimed to determine dental student's level of knowledge, awareness and practice regarding tobacco use and students/ dentists’ role in tobacco cessation.Subjects and methods; A total of 160 students were recruited from Faculty of Dentistry, Omer- Almokhter university, and surveyed using an anonymous self administered questionnaire. This questionnaire was based on intensive literature review. Cross-section study design was applied using a structured questionnaire which included data related to personal characteristics and assessment of KAP of participants.Results: one hundred eight students responded with (82.4%) were females and 17.6 % were males. That majority of responding students had high level of knowledge attainment on tobacco with the exception of knowledge about smokeless tobacco which was inadequate. Although, most students (92.6%) agreed that dentist has an important role in tobacco control and training regarding tobacco effects is sufficient to allow them to help their patients to quit smoking, only 56.6% give advices to their patients. The prevalence of smokers among students was low (4%).Recommendation Education about tobacco effects necessity involved in the curriculum from first year. Students should be given training about smoking cessation and counselling techniques and must be motivated to play their role in patients’ education regarding smoking.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Tobacco
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral health care
  topic: keywords
subject: Periodontal diseases
  topic: keywords
subject: Knowledge
  topic: keywords
subject: attitudes
  topic: keywords
creator: Halima A Ayyad
creator: Muna. R R
creator: Farag Farag
creator: Raga A
creator: Elzahaf Elzahaf
rights: Copyright (c) 0
date: 2020-02-27
publication date: 2020-02-27
starting page: 4
ending page: 10
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2020.02011

A Compartive Study of Dengue Verses Malaria in Tertiary Care Hospital versus Government Hospital
type: item
description: In an attempt we are assessing a clinical study, knowledge, awareness and preventive measures acknowledgment of Communicable Diseases such as Dengue and Malaria among patients in Tertiary Care Hospital Versus Government Hospital in Khammam, to compare the probability of communicable disease such as Dengue and Malaria in selected Hospital. To compare the prevalence of Dengue and Malaria among Urban and Rural people in selected hospitals. The present study was a multi-cantered prospective observational study conducted in Mamatha General Hospital and Khammam Government Hospital, Khammam, Telangana, India. The total number of cases collected during the study period 6 months was 500. A multi-centered prospective observational study. The major finding of this study is that the probability of Communicable diseases such as Malaria and Dengue among patients. In this study the population is 500, the highest Prevalence is Dengue i.e. 465(93%) than Malaria i.e. 35(7%). In these Female patients are high i.e. 252 compared to Male i.e. 248. According to study evaluation females are more affected. The occurrence of Dengue is observed in the Age group of 41-50 years i.e. 90 patients. The Rural group related patients i.e. 342 are more when compared to urban group related patients i.e. 158. The present multi-centered prospective observational study was conducted in subjects(n=500) from inpatients of Department of General Medicine, Mamatha General Hospital and Khammam Government Hospital, Khammam, Telangana, India, to assess the Probability of Malaria and Dengue, Knowledge assessment among patients about Malaria and Dengue, and also Acknowledging the patients about Dengue and Malaria.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Communicable Diseases
  topic: keywords
subject: Dengue and Malaria
  topic: keywords
subject: prospective observational study
  topic: keywords
subject: Tertiary Care Hospital
  topic: keywords
subject: Government Hospital
  topic: keywords
creator: Rathna Kumari G
creator: Khavya Sri G
creator: Dr.Bhargava Narendra J
rights: Copyright (c) 0
date: 2020-02-27
publication date: 2020-02-27
starting page: 21
ending page: 29
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2020.02012

A Comprehensive Study on Nerivio Migra
type: item
description: Migraine is one among the foremost prevalent and disabling disorders, characterized by recurrent headache attacks with nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia. Nerivio Migra may be a breakthrough device for acute treatment of migraines. Attached to the patient's arm (below the shoulder), it's a clinically-tested wearable suited to be worn everywhere and at any time. Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and triptans, commonly used for acute migraine treatment3, may be ineffective, poorly tolerated, contraindicated, and if used in excess, may lead to medication overuse headache there is a great unmet need for alternative acute migraine treatments that are both effective and well tolerated. Non-invasive neuromodulation is safe, well tolerated, and may have fewer adverse effects than drugs. Remote electrical neuromodulation (REN) may be a novel acute migraine treatment that stimulates upper arm peripheral nerves to induce conditioned pain modulation (CPM)-an endogenous analgesia mechanism during which conditioning stimulation inhibits pain in remote body regions.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Migraine
  topic: keywords
subject: Phonophobia
  topic: keywords
subject: photophobia Remote electrical neuromodulation
  topic: keywords
creator: Srinivas Pasula
creator: Thankachan Ledo
creator: Srionivasa Rao A
creator: Durga Prasad Beda
rights: Copyright (c) 0
date: 2020-02-27
publication date: 2020-02-27
starting page: 30
ending page: 32
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2020.020110

A Study on Drug Utilization Pattern in Outpatient General Department
type: item
description: Introduction: Drug utilization Review (DUR) also referred to be as drug utilization evaluation (DUE) and Drug utilization Pattern (DUP). It is defined as ongoing, authorized and systemic quality improvement process. WHO in 1977 defines drug utilization as “The marketing, distribution, prescription and use of drug in a society with special emphasis on resulting medical, social and economic consequences”. Drug utilization studies evaluate drug use at a population level, According to age, sex, social class. They provide feedback on drug utilization data to the prescribers. DUP Involves a comprehensive review of patient’s prescription and medication data before, during, and after dispensing to ensure appropriate medication decisions making and positive patient outcomes. Drug utilization pattern play a significant role in helping the healthcare system to understand, explain and improve the prescribing administration the use of medications. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics in general department differs in various age groups. The ultimate goal is to achieve rational and effective pharmaceutical care to the general department patients. This has resulted in a clarification of their uses, wider indications, and alternative methods of delivery. DU studies become one of the power full tools in evaluation of health system. Method: we conducted a single cantered observational and prospective analysis in general department patients age between 10-80 years at Sri sai niharika nursing home, old palnadu bus stand, narasaraopet. A total number of 1648 prescriptions were recorded. The drug data such as name of the drug, dosage-form, dosing frequency, route of administration were also noted. The results were presented as percentage. Conclusion: This study provides the information about the prescribing patterns of drug in general department patients. And conclude the role of clinical pharmacist is vital to be an integral part well as to clear the irrational use of drugs in general de…
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Drug utilization pattern
  topic: keywords
subject: Outpatient
  topic: keywords
subject: General department
  topic: keywords
subject: defined daily dose
  topic: keywords
subject: WHO
  topic: keywords
subject: Prospective DUR
  topic: keywords
subject: Retrospective DUR
  topic: keywords
subject: Concurrent DUR
  topic: keywords
subject: prescribed daily dose
  topic: keywords
creator: Rama Brahma Reddy D
creator: Prashanthi G
creator: Sowmya L
creator: Naga Sai R
creator: Jaya Surya V
rights: Copyright (c) 0
date: 2020-02-27
publication date: 2020-02-27
starting page: 33
ending page: 39
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2020.02013

A Prospective Randomised Study on Prevalence and Awareness of Self Medication of Analgesics among Teritiary Care Hospital
type: item
description: self- medication is described as obtaining and consuming one (or) more drugs or medications without the advice of physician either for diagnosis, prescription (or) surveillance of the treatment. The main aim of research is to estimate the prevalence of self- medication of analgesics among hospitalized patients along with causes of illness and symptoms that lead to self-medication. The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital .a total sample of 226 subjects was investigated by using a self- questionnaire form .based on findings the prevalence of irrational use of analgesics are about 65% of females (n=144) and 37% of males (n=82).self -medication was more prevalent among age group above 45years in which female are in greater use. self -medication is most commonly used in participants who are having joint pains (51%), muscle pains (29%), head ache (28%), back pain (21%),.among them 21.26% are having confidence on knowledge about medication. During self -medication with analgesics patients stop taking medicine after symptoms disappeared(62.30%),a few days after recovery (13.11%),after completion of course (18.85%),after consulting doctor /pharmacist (4.92%).over use of analgesics causes kidney and heart problems .72.72%does not know causes and uses analgesics frequently of the total participants only 43.52%are in aware that pharmacist will explain about medication usage. This research is carried out mainly in the context to raise awareness of the dangers of self -medication of analgesics. There is need to aware public that pharmacist can explain about drugs, their side effects.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Analgesics
  topic: keywords
subject: Self-Medication
  topic: keywords
subject: Unawareness
  topic: keywords
subject: Prevalence
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacist
  topic: keywords
creator: Prudhvi V
creator: Sravani R
creator: Beulah D
creator: Anantha Ch
rights: Copyright (c) 0
date: 2020-02-27
publication date: 2020-02-27
starting page: 63
ending page: 66
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2020.02016

EVALUATION OF ETHANOLIC ROOT EXTRACT OF ALLIUM CEPA. L FOR ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES IN ANIMAL MODELS
type: item
description: Objectives: This present study was envisaged to identify the effect of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity forethanolic root extract of Allium cepa L. Methodology: The study was carried out using Sprague- Dawley rats (250- 300g) and Albino mice (25- 30g). Diclofenac sodium and Tramadol are the standard drugs, was prepared by dissolving in distilled water to make the concentration of 10mg/kg and 20mg/kg for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity respectively. The effect of ethanolic extract of A.cepa L root was investigated for analgesic activity using tail immersion method. The anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic root extract of A.cepa was studied using carrageenan-induced paw edema to the rats.Results: The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan method in Sprague- Dawley rats. The anti-inflammatory activity was found to be dose dependent in carrageenan induced paw edema model. The ethanolic extract has shown highly significant (p<0.001) percentage of inhibition of paw edema, 57.43% and 60.56% at 5th hour at the low dose and high dose, respectively. Whereas analgesic activity was studied using tail immersion method in mice. The ethanolic root extract was shown highly significant (p<0.001) analgesic activity with standard drug and high dose but, low dose showed less significant (p<0.05) analgesic activity. Conclusions: The findings of the present study concluded that A.cepa L roots have potential to treat pain and inflammation and as a good source, novel natural analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents. The ethanolic extract of A.cepa L root showed highly significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity in mice and rats respectively.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Allium cepa L
  topic: keywords
subject: Analgesic
  topic: keywords
subject: Anti-inflammatory
  topic: keywords
subject: Tail immersion
  topic: keywords
subject: and Carrageenan
  topic: keywords
creator: Krupavaram B
creator: Kaashmeera Nair K
creator: Hanish Singh JC
creator: Anandarajagopal K
creator: Jaasminerjiit Kaur
creator: Shopana Paramasivam
rights: Copyright (c) 0
date: 2020-02-27
publication date: 2020-02-27
starting page: 67
ending page: 73
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2020.02017

EVALUATION OF DIURETIC AND SEDATIVE ACTIVITY FOR ETHANOLIC LEAVES EXTRACT OF BASELLA ALBA L. VAR RUBRA
type: item
description: Herbal medicine is the oldest form of health care known to mankind. Medicinal plants can be important sources of unknown chemical substances with potential therapeutic effects. The study of plant species with diuretic effects is still a fruitful research in search of new diuretic and sedative drugs. The present study was carried out to evaluate the diuretic and sedative effect of ethanolic extract of Basella alba (BAE) in wistar rats & mice by using Lipschitz model and Rota rod model respectively. The urine volume, electrolyte levels in rats and fall of time of mices from rota rod were measured. BAE showed significant (p<0.05) diuretic and sedative activity of two doses (100mg/kg & 200mg/kg, p.o) tested, When compared to control and drugs furosemide and diazepam respectively. Hence, the BAE possess diuretic and sedative activity.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Diuretic
  topic: keywords
subject: urine volume
  topic: keywords
subject: electrolytes
  topic: keywords
subject: sedative
  topic: keywords
subject: fall of time
  topic: keywords
subject: furosemide
  topic: keywords
subject: diazepam
  topic: keywords
creator: Divya J
creator: Brahma Srinivasa Rao D
creator: Anil Kumar Y
creator: Ravi Kumar K
rights: Copyright (c) 2020
date: 2020-02-27
publication date: 2020-02-27
starting page: 74
ending page: 84
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2020.020112

DRUG DISCHARGE AND GAUGING OF ANTI EPILEPTIC DRUGS
type: item
description: Background:Epilepsy is the second most common chronic neurological condition. Epilepsy means a tendency to have seizures i.e. recurrent unprovoked seizures. A seizure is a clinical events caused by an abnormal electrical discharge in brain (or) a transient disturbance of cerebral function due to an abnormal paroxysmal neuronal discharge in brain.Aims and Objectives: The main aim of the study is drug utilization evaluation of antiepileptic drugs among patients of different age groups in jayabharath hospital,Andhra Pradesh,. To assess drug utilization pattern of anti-epileptic drugs. METHODOLOGY:A prospective observational questionnaire based cross sectional study in 300 patients of various departments receiving atleastone AEDs. The subjects were included in the study only after they met the criteria for the study and after properly filling a informed consent form. The data was obtained by a questionnaire format and it is evaluated for utilization patterns, medication adherence. The cost of AEDs were calculated to evaluate total costs on each drug.RESULTS:Out of 300 patients, 210 were male and 90 were female. The age group 11- 20 years were found prominent with epilepsy. The average number of AEDs per patient was found to be 1.54. Among all the drugs prescribed phenytoin was the most common drug prescribed 223 (47.89%) for the treatment, followed by lorazepam 89 (19.09 %) and sodium valproate 40 (8.73 %). CONCLUSION:The use of AEDs was almost found to be rational. In this hospital the most commonly prescribed AEDs was phenytoin followed by lorazepam and in combinational therapy it was phenytoin + lorazepam. The utilization of drugs was obtained from the patients using questionnaire format and they showed high utilization of drugs.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Epilepsy
  topic: keywords
subject: Utilization
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Antiepileptic
  topic: keywords
creator: Pradeep Kumar Reddy S
creator: Naga Subrahmanyam s
creator: Vineeth Kumar
creator: Padmini Alapati
creator: Anusha Gowd
creator: Narayan Swamy P
rights: Copyright (c) 2020
date: 2020-02-27
publication date: 2020-02-27
starting page: 85
ending page: 91
doi: 10.37022/WJCMPR.2020.020113