Clinical Significance of Red Cell Distribution Width to Serum Albumin ratio in Patients with Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Aziz Ur Rehman; Hamza Ullah; Saif Ullah; Ashfaq Ahmad; Ubaid Ullah; Abdul Majeed; Ahmad Hassan

doi:10.37022/wjcmpr.v8i2.404

Authors

Aziz Ur Rehman Department of Allied health Northern university Nowshera
Hamza Ullah Department of Allied health sciences MPhil MLS from Abasyn University Peshawar
Saif Ullah Lecturer Department of Nursing at Northern University, Nowshera
Ashfaq Ahmad Lecturer Department of allied health sciences Ibn e Sina University Mirpurkhas Sindh
Ubaid Ullah Lecturer Department of allied health sciences Ibn e Sina University Mirpurkhas Sindh
Abdul Majeed Department of Allied health Northern university Nowshera
Ahmad Hassan Department of Microbiology and life sciences Abdul wali khan university Mardan

Abstract

Background: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is a critical, sudden consequence of diabetes mellitus characterised by hyperglycemia, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis. The early identification of test indicators associated with illness severity may facilitate timely diagnosis and treatment.

The aim of this study: To examine the link between serum albumin and DKA severity and Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW). The RDW-to-Albumin Ratio's clinical significance in DKA patients was assessed.

Methodology: The cross-sectional analytical investigation included 100 DKA patients. SPSS 26 was used to record and analyse demographics, RDW, serum albumin, ketone, blood pH, glucose, and bicarbonate. Blood pH measurements defined DKA severity as mild, moderate, or severe.

Results: The study comprised 100 patients, 49.0% male, 51.0% female. Most cases (64.0%) had severe DKA. Though moderate DKA had the highest mean serum albumin level (1.70 ± 0.48 g/dL), there was no significant link between it with DKA severity (F = 1.99, p = 0.142). There was a significant difference in RDW between DKA severity levels (F = 7.32, p = 0.001), suggesting a link between the two. The RDW-to-Albumin Ratio did not affect DKA severity (F = 2.20, p = 0.117). Additionally, serum albumin, RDW, and RDW-to-Albumin Ratio had weak and non-significant associations with blood pH.

Conclusion: RDW was significantly related to the severity of DKA indicating its potential as a readily available hematological marker for severity assessment.

Keywords:

Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Red Cell Distribution Width, Serum Albumin, RDW-to-Albumin Ratio, Blood pH, Severity Assessment

DOI

https://doi.org/10.37022/wjcmpr.v8i2.404

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